Is chronic OM a disease of microbial biofilm?

Article

Investigators' analysis of biopsy specimens from the middle-ear mucosa of children with otitis media with effusion (OME) and recurrent OM upheld the so-called biofilm hypothesis: Namely, chronic OM is associated with the presence of biofilm (aggregated bacteria that usually adhere to a surface-in these cases, the middle-ear mucosa). The study was conducted in 26 children who were undergoing placement of a tympanostomy tube for treatment of OME and OM; controls were three children and five adults undergoing cochlear implantation.

Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) images were obtained from biopsy specimens of the middle-ear mucosa and were evaluated for biofilm morphology using generic stains and species-specific probes for Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Effusions, when present, were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and culture for evidence of pathogen-specific nucleic acid sequences and bacterial growth.

Of the 26 children (mean age, 2.5 years) undergoing placement of a tympanostomy tube, 13 (50%) had OME, 20 (77%) had recurrent OM, and seven (27%) had both diagnoses. CLSM revealed biofilm on 46 (92%) of 50 middle-ear mucosa specimens from these children, including those that were not associated with effusion. Biofilm was not observed on any of the eight control middle-ear mucosa specimens (Hall-Stoodley L et al: JAMA 2006;296:202).

Newsletter

Access practical, evidence-based guidance to support better care for our youngest patients. Join our email list for the latest clinical updates.

Recent Videos
John Browning, MD, provides practical skincare reminders ahead of summer season
How fragrance plays a role in atopic dermatitis treatments, with John Browning, MD
Jennifer Soung, MD reacts to FDA approval of roflumilast foam 0.3%
Russell Libby, MD, FAAP
Lawrence Eichenfield, MD
Wendy Ripple, MD
Wendy Ripple, MD
Lawrence Eichenfield, MD
Related Content
© 2025 MJH Life Sciences

All rights reserved.