News

Community-acquired pneumonia caused by the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium has been estimated to account for 3 percent to 5 percent of all cases, but the actual figure may be significantly higher and may include infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, according to research presented this week at the 2008 International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases in Atlanta.

The Food and Drug Administration approved the NovoLog insulin pump in pediatric patients, aged 4 to 18.

Leafy greens account for an increasing proportion of food-borne disease outbreaks that is not entirely due to an increase in leafy green consumption, according to research presented this week at the 2008 International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases in Atlanta.

It's time for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to decide on the type of study design it finds acceptable for the approval of new antibiotics, urges a Leading Edge editorial in the April issue of The Lancet Infectious Diseases.

Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) for children under age 5 in 2000, rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) have significantly declined in all age groups while rates of IPD caused by non-vaccine strains have increased modestly, according to research presented this week at the 2008 International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases in Atlanta.

According to a new survey, allergies may be causing some children problems at school during the day, and denying them sleep at night.

Four single nucleotide polymorphisms of the FKBP5 gene -- which is involved in glucocorticoid signal transduction -- may predict the development of adult post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients who experienced severe physical or sexual child abuse, according to research published in the March 19 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Growth hormone increases lean body mass but probably does not enhance athletic performance, according to research published online March 17 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

There are several, identifiable risk factors for postburn pathologic scarring, and early identification of patients most at risk can help ensure they get optimum treatment, according to a report published in the March/April issue of the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.

Quitting smoking during pregnancy reduces a mother's chances of giving birth to a baby with problem behavior, according to a study published in the April issue of the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Susceptibility to vitiligo appears to be associated with a major recessive gene, although environmental factors play a key role in onset of disease, according to a study published in the March issue of the Archives of Dermatology.

Data announced at the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology's annual meeting suggests that triamcinolone acetonide is safe for young children with year-round allergic rhinitis.

Obese children and those with an accelerated body mass index gain are more likely to have recurrence of sleep-disordered breathing after adenotonsillectomy, according to research published in the March 15 issue of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

A Boston Globe investigation casts doubt onto whether Senator Hillary Clinton (D, N.Y.) was as integral to the creation of SCHIP as she has claimed on the campaign trail.

Black children with Hodgkin's lymphoma have lower event-free survival but similar overall survival as white children with lymphoma, researchers report in the March 10 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Due to the risk of febrile seizures, officials from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention no longer have a preference for the combination measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) vaccine over the MMR vaccine plus the varicella vaccine, according to a report in the March 14 issue of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

Among children who are exposed to secondhand smoke at home, toddlers are more likely than older children to absorb high levels of nicotine and have high levels of inflammatory markers that could increase their later risk of developing heart disease, according to research presented this week at the American Heart Association's 48th Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention in Colorado Springs, Colo.

Levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), measured in urine, provide an earlier biomarker of acute kidney injury after cardiopulmonary bypass than serum creatinine in a pediatric population, according to research published online March 12 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.

A mother's obese status has only a small effect on a child's obesity, according to a new study in PLoS Medicine...

Using vitamin D supplementation during infancy may confer some protection against later type 1 diabetes, according to research published online March 13 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.

Cervical cancer is a major focus of this year's Society of Gynecologic Oncologists' Annual Meeting on Women's Cancer, March 9-12 in Tampa, Fla., with eight sessions dedicated to issues surrounding cervical cancer and use of the humanpapilloma virus (HPV) vaccine.

Alterations in bacteria levels in the gut may play a role in childhood obesity, according to research published in the March issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium may identify infants who are at risk of mental and psychomotor developmental delays due to fetal alcohol exposure, according to research released online Jan. 21 in advance of publication in the Journal of Pediatrics.

Even brief treatment of young mice with an inhibitor of the Hedgehog cell signaling pathway, a target for anti-cancer drugs, leads to permanent defects in bone development, according to a report in the March issue of Cancer Cell.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued an alert on March 11 on Tussionex Pennkinetic Extended-Release Suspension, a prescription-only cough syrup manufactured by UCB Inc., of Smyrna, Ga., to warn of adverse events associated with misuse of the drug.

Bypassing local Critical Access Hospitals in rural areas in favor of care outside the local community may be reduced by changing rural residents' perception of local health care provision and increasing the number of primary care physicians, according to research published in the March/April edition of the Annals of Family Medicine.

A shocking study by the Centers for Disease Control and prevention found than 26% of US girls between the ages of 14 and 19 have a sexually transmitted infection.

Although patients place high value on patient-centered care, they place more value on continuity of care and the technical quality of their consultation with a physician, according to study findings published in the March/April issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

Like the general population, many physicians admit that their work schedule prevents them from getting an optimal amount of sleep. But few of them report that sleepiness affects their work performance or ability to respond to other daily concerns, according to study findings published online in March in CHEST Physician.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an alert about a brand of cough syrup containing hydrocodone, a potent narcotic that could be abused if not used correctly...