Neurology

Review some of the top stories from the Contemporary Pediatrics website over the last week, and catch up on anything you may have missed.

In this Contemporary Pediatrics interview, Rob Knight, PhD, discusses translating adult studies into children to determine gut microbiome biomarkers, and how they are associated with neurological and cognitive conditions.

Review some of the top stories from the Contemporary Pediatrics website over the last week, and catch up on anything you may have missed.

In a recent study, improved neurodevelopmental outcomes were seen in children aged 2 years whose mothers received a Mediterranean diet or mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention during pregnancy.

Rob Knight, PhD, Wolfe Endowed Chair in Microbiome Science at Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, professor of pediatrics, UCSD, explains how links between gut microbiomes and cognitive and neurological conditions are being researched and what could be ahead for these associations in children.

Watch as Rob Knight, PhD, Wolfe Endowed Chair in Microbiome Science at Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, professor of pediatrics, UCSD, talks the gut microbiome and the potential associations with cognitive and neurological conditions in children, and why the topic is gaining interest and momentum.

In a recent study, Developmental Assessment of Young Children, second edition scores for neurodevelopmental outcomes did not differ between infants exposed to maternal COVID-19 during pregnancy and those not exposed.

Delaying diagnosis and treatment for this early childhood disorder can lead to worse outcomes, so early recognition is crucial.

At 2 years post-pediatric epilepsy surgery, 72% of patients were seizure-free compared to 33% of medically-treated patients.

In a recent study, female offspring of mothers with a positive COVID-19 test during pregnancy were at a decreased risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders compared to male offspring.

A study found that children with acute concussions could have less symptom burden with an earlier return to school.

In a recent study, worse neurodevelopmental outcomes were seen in children born preterm and with postnatal growth failure.

In a recent study, maternal depression during pregnancy was associated with offspring brain age, while recent stress in offspring was associated with a greater aging pace.

In a recent study, young children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) showed significantly worse cognition and academic scores than children with mild TBI or other injury.

Children definite motor problems were more likely to have psychotic experiences compared to children with no definite motor problems.

The strongest confounders were family income, caregiver education, and ADHD polygenic risk scores for ADHD clinical range diagnoses.

This brain imaging study was the first to look at the position of depression and systemic inflammation in brain measures while including the largest sample of patients with psoriasis to date.

In a recent study, investigators found that life-threatening neurologic conditions from severe acute COVID-19 were more frequent in 2021 than 2020.

In a recent study, patients with low amounts of screen time following concussion had similar rates of symptoms as those with high amounts of screen time.

In a recent study, children who played video games had greater brain activity compared with those who did not play video games.

Although crude results of a study showed risk of neurodevelopmental disorders doubling when exposed to antidepressants during pregnancy, these results were not observed in a fully adjusted analysis.

Researchers have found that maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment can lead to increased risk of psychological developmental and neurosensory disorders in children.

The American Academy of Pediatrics reminded parents of the importance of helmet use and encouraged helmet use discussion with their children.

Smoking tobacco should cease during pregnancy, according to The Journal of the American Medical Association.

More than 60% of adolescents felt that it was more important to measure decreases in the frequency and intensity of headaches in terms of severe headaches/spikes rather than total headache days.

Data from the RAINBOWFISH study and a large-scale extension, FIREFISH, were the basis for risdiplam’s expanded indication, which now includes babies with SMA under 2 months old.

A look at what the Contemporary Pediatrics® team covered this week.

In total, 14% of those on antiseizure medication who did not receive periconceptional folic acid experienced preterm birth compared with 5% of those with supplementation.

Since its approval for the treatment of medical refractory epilepsy in 2013, the closed-loop neuromodulation device has had its efficacy and safety confirmed in several pivotal studies and will now be assessed in focal epilepsy in the RESPONSE trial.

Researchers are attempting to determine how pediatric visual impairment caused by damage to the brain is different from visual impairment at the level of the eye.