Skin Diseases

Childhood absence epilepsy is distinct from partial epilepsy and is often misdiagnosed as ADD/ADHD. It is one of the most common types of pediatric seizure.

A 5-year-old boy was brought to the emergency department by his parents because of a rash that covered his entire body. The rash had started 2 days earlier, initially on the boy’s face, abdomen, and legs and had spread to his back, buttocks, and hands. There was a 1-day history of tactile fever when the child was sent home from school. He had no sick contacts and his immunizations were up-to-date. He had no significant medical history.

This distribution of an inflammatory disorder in a very young child almost always indicates atopic dermatitis. The family history of asthma suggests the atopic diathesis.

Jacquet’s dermatitis a rare, severe variant of irritant diaper dermatitis, presents with punched-out erosions or ulcerations with crater-like borders.

The history and lesional morphology are virtually pathognomonic for a dental sinus. Radiographic examination revealed an apical dental abscess that communicated with the skin via a sinus tract.

What's your diagnosis? More details here...

Erythema and periumbilical swelling led to concern about bacterial infection in a neonate.

Antibiotic side effect? Diffuse abdominal pain, vomiting, and anorexia led to this initial misdiagnosis in an adolescent male. The full story, here.

This lump on the back of a neonate was noted shortly after birth and had been expanding. What is it?

This rash arose a week after a child began to compain of chills, nausea, and a sore throat. What does this look like to you?

This rash arose a week after a 6-year-old boy complained of chills, nausea, and sore throat. WHat's the cause?

Abnormal pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and leukoplakia may signal dyskeratosis congenita.

Poison ivy, oak, or sumac? What is this "itchy rash" that appeared 2 days after the patient cleared some "weeds" from the yard. What should be done about it?

Any itchy penile rash should immediately suggest scabies. The latter also typically involves the hands, especially the interdigital webspaces and the volar aspect of the wrist.

Persistent cough and bronchitis are common, and normal, among children. Here are some home treatments I have recommended.

A pigmented lesion present since birth prompted the parents of this 3-year-old to seek medical care. They noted recent changes: the development of “bumps” in a formerly “flat” lesion.

Gradual alterations in all 20 nails prompted this teenager to seek care. He had no associated symptoms. He had not experienced hair loss, nor any other cutaneous or scalp lesions.

This 4-year-old boy returned home after a day at a small private daycare with a bite mark on his forearm.

This child presented with persistent fever, cough, and worsening rash of 5 days’ duration. The rash had spread to the neck, chest, back, and arms. What does this look like to you?

A 9-year-old girl is brought by her mother because of the acute onset of a facial rash. There is no associated itching, and the child is, and has been, otherwise healthy. What diagnoses would you consider?

A 9-year-old girl is brought by her mother because of the acute onset of a facial rash. There is no associated itching, and the child is, and has been, otherwise healthy.

A 17-year-old girl being treated for mild acne, anxiety, and depression, presented with an ankle “bruise” related to an injury sustained 2 years earlier. Symptoms resolved with treatment, but the hyperpigmentation persisted.

An 11-year-old African American girl was hospitalized with new fever in the context of unexplained cervical chain lymphadenopathy. WBC and ANC were low, ESR and LDH levels were elevated. Does the image here offer a clue to the ultimate diagnosis?

Hoarseness developed in a 27-month-old girl who was previously treated in the ED for a presumed asthma exacerbation and bronchiolitis.

A 6-month-old boy with 1-week history of dry cough that worsened at night. He had been wheezing off and on for the past month and had visited the emergency department on one occasion.

A 22-month-old boy with failure to thrive presented with a 3-day history of rhinorrhea, fever, and abdominal pain associated with tube feeding. A PEG tube had been placed 2 months before this visit.

A 3-year-old child was brought to her primary caregiver by her maternal grandmother who was concerned about the infected lesion shown here. The child was at the center of a heated custody dispute and abuse was strongly suspected. But could the lesion’s origin be something else?

Labor was induced at term in a 29-year-old woman who had had an uneventful pregnancy. Her baby weighed 3575 g (7 lb, 14 oz). The neonate’s left arm was internally rotated with flexion at the wrist. He had a normal grasp reflex, but Moro reflex was incomplete.