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An 11-year-old boy with a 1-week history of progressive left facial pain comes to see you.

A study found that children with single-suture craniosynostosis had consistently lower mean neurodevelopmental scores than did controls.

The number of children admitted to US pediatric hospitals for physical abuse has increased over the past 10 years despite falling admission rates for all-cause injuries in children aged younger than 6 years for the same period.

A survey of 509 parents of children brought to the emergency department of a large, urban children's hospital suggests that the answer to this question is yes.

Fathers' interactions with their infants in the first months of life appear to influence children's behavior by the time they reach their first birthdays, British researchers have found.

AAP recommendations for diagnosing and managing a first urinary tract infection in children aged 2 to 24 months were updated in 2011.

It seems the best way to conquer egg allergy in children is with eggs. Find out how researchers in a clinical trial showed how to rid most children of the sensitivity and achieved a sustained clinical effect.

Wormian bones (anterior fontanellar bones) are extra islands of bone within the calvarial sutures of the skull.

Finally, help exists for making electronic health records (EHRs) in pediatric practice more useful and user friendly. Find out what tips you may want to incorporate into your practice. More >>

A Hill-Sachs deformity is a compression injury to the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head created by the glenoid rim during dislocation.

More than a third of children taking dietary supplements failed to meet intake recommendations for calcium and vitamin D, a new study reports. Supplementation also raised the likelihood of excess intake of other micronutrients. Which nutrients were above recommended dietary levels? More >>

Of all the neonatal morbidities that commonly plague moderately preterm-born babies, only hypoglycemia is associated with increased risk of developmental delays by the time the children reach preschool. What glucose value increases the risk of developmental delay? More >>

Although it is widely held that uncircumcised boys are at increased risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs) compared with circumcised boys, researchers from Canada set out to determine whether that increased risk varies with the degree of phimosis. Here’s what they discovered. More >>

Siblings of abused children, especially twins, are at high risk for physical abuse that may not be detected on physical examination, according to a new report. The findings support routine skeletal surveys for contacts of injured, abused children who are younger than 24 months, regardless of physical examination findings. More >>

Acne responds to a variety of topical and systemic treatments, including include oral contraceptives, spironolactone, oral zinc, and retinoids. Details here.

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Just 4 years after the licensing of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, researchers found a substantial decrease in vaccine-type HPV prevalence and evidence of herd immunity among at-risk minority, low-income young women. This discovery could lead to a reduction in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and, ultimately, cervical cancer in the community. More >>

Physical punishment such as spanking is associated with a range of mental and personality disorders in adulthood, researchers have found. The findings point to the importance of more positive parenting approaches that will ensure children’s future mental health. More >>

There may be a good medical reason for parents to get a dog or cat as a pet. It appears that children exposed to a dog or cat in their homes during the first year of life are healthier than those without a furry family member. More >>

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is widely considered the primary cause of visual impairment in extremely premature children. Now Danish researchers report that cerebral damage may be the strongest risk factor. This finding could affect how children with cerebral damage are managed. More >>

Infants and toddlers with food allergies suffer a high rate of allergic reactions because of lack of vigilance on the part of caregivers, researchers report. What kinds of exposures caused the most problems? More >>

Type 2 Diabetes : Diagnostic, treatment challenges Dyslipidemia : New NHLBI guidelines Adolescent anxiety disorders : Effective therapy, medication options Dermcase : Newborn with persistent rash on foot Puzzler : Vomiting and failure to thrive in breastfeed infant In type 2 diabetes, the ability of insulin protein (left) to interact properly with glucose molecules (right) is compromised.

The anxious first-time parents of a 10-day-old girl bring the baby to your office for urgent evaluation of a rash on the bottom of her right foot that has persisted despite treatment with topical antibiotics and antifungals.

Investigators compared the efficacy of 3 treatment regimens in 699 youngsters aged from 10 to 17 years with type 2 diabetes: metformin monotherapy (1,000 mg twice daily), metformin plus rosiglitazone (4 mg twice daily), or metformin plus a lifestyle-intervention program focused on weight loss through family-based changes in eating and activitiy behaviors.

To describe the typical longitudinal developmental trajectories of social and communication functioning and repetitive behavior in children with autism, investigators analyzed data from birth records and a database of the California Department of Developmental Services that recorded symptom severity and functioning in nearly 7,000 children aged from 2 to 14 years with autism.

A new study shows that infant weight gain may be associated with the way the milk is consumed, not only with the type of milk.

The US FDA has approved a combination vaccine for preventing invasive diseases caused by Hib and Neisseria meningitis serogroups C and Y in children aged 6 weeks to 18 months.