Cynthia Fontanella, PhD, discusses rising suicide rates in Black youth

Suicide rates among Black youth have risen at an alarming rate in recent years, outpacing increases seen in other racial and ethnic groups.^1,2

According to Cynthia A. Fontanella, PhD, principal investigator at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, suicide rates among Black youth aged 10 to 24 years have more than doubled over the past decade and now represent the third leading cause of death in this population. Over the past 25 years, suicide attempt rates among Black youth have increased by approximately 75%, underscoring a growing public health crisis.

These concerning trends prompted a national study examining risk and protective factors associated with suicide among Black youth and young adults. The research identified several significant risk factors. Mental health diagnoses—particularly depression, psychosis, and schizophrenia—were strongly associated with increased suicide risk.

A history of prior deliberate self-harm emerged as one of the most powerful predictors. Additionally, youth with a history of concussions or traumatic brain injury were found to be at elevated risk. Environmental and social stressors also played a substantial role. Exposure to violence, family conflict, and residence in urban communities with high levels of social vulnerability—characterized by poverty, low educational attainment, high unemployment, inadequate transportation, and crowded housing—were all associated with greater suicide risk.

At the same time, the study identified important protective factors. One notable finding was that youth living in communities with a greater density of religious organizations had a 30% reduced risk of suicide. Religious institutions may serve as a proxy for stronger community cohesion, social support, and access to faith-based or community activities that foster resilience and connection.

To address these disparities, Fontanella emphasized the importance of proactive, upstream approaches. Routine suicide screening in clinical settings is critical to identifying at-risk youth early. Early intervention can prevent suicide attempts before they occur. For youth who have already attempted suicide, timely access to effective, evidence-based treatments is essential.

These services can be delivered across multiple settings, including schools, primary care practices, and outpatient specialty care. Strengthening screening, early identification, and access to culturally responsive interventions may be key steps in reversing these troubling trends among Black youth.

No relevant disclosures.

References

1. Understanding the rising suicide risk among Black youth. News release. Nationwide Children’s Hospital. February 18, 2026. Accessed February 20, 2026. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1117030
2. Fontanella CA, Xia X, Llamocca EN, et al. Suicide risk and protective factors among Medicaid-enrolled Black youth with a mental health diagnosis. JAMA Netw Open. 2026;9(2):e2559657. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.59657