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Investigators set out to determine whether plasma levels of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL-1), which is produced by cardiac myocytes, correlate with Kawasaki disease (KD) and acquired coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), of which KD is a major cause.

Once confused with other gastrointestinal disorders, cyclic vomiting syndrome can be diagnosed using specific criteria instead of extensive confirmatory testing.

A number of studies show that some school-based interventions for the prevention of childhood obesity can be effective, says a draft review from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the key federal agency charged with improving quality and effectiveness in health care.

Life expectancy has increased markedly for children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, to the point that estimated life expectancy of patients diagnosed between 1965 and 1980 is only about 4 years less than that of the general US population.

The medical home is a familiar concept to pediatricians. In recent years its definition has been made more formal and more comprehensive, but it is nearly always linked to an environment of primary care in the outpatient setting.

Most children survive serogroup B meningococcal disease without major sequelae. British researchers report, however, that about 10% of children who have had meningococcal infection experience major disabling deficits. What screening is needed for survivors of meningococcal disease? More >>

The steadily declining rate of circumcision in US newborn boys could add more than $4.4 billion in avoidable health care costs for treating the increasing cases of sexually transmitted infections and related cancers among uncircumcised men and their women partners over the next decade. More >>

Infants and children aged younger than 2 years who are vaccinated against hepatitis A virus (HAV) show persistent seroprotection whether they received antibodies to the virus from their mothers, a new study reports. More >>

The health benefits of newborn circumcision of boys outweigh the risks and justify elective, although not routine, use of the procedure, according to the latest policy statement on circumcision from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). What are the benefits? More >>

The ophthalmologist was not able to rule abuse in or out based on his examination because of the number of retinal hemorrhages seen.

Not all patients with life-threatening dermatologic disorders are sick enough or symptomatic enough to go to the emergency department. . . some may come to your office with what may look like a relatively benign lump or bump. Yet within a few hours, such lesions can cause significant morbidity or even death.

About half of all information on the Internet about safe infant sleep practices is incorrect or irrelevant, according to new research. How can you help parents find the right half? More >>

Children with nonsevere obstructive sleep apnea who took the oral leukotriene modifier montelukast daily for 12 weeks showed reductions in severity of symptoms and adenoid size, a new study reports. Which children might benefit? More >>

Some children who receive typical doses of codeine for pain relief after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy may suffer life-threatening adverse effects or death, a drug-safety communication from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns. More >>

A young woman complained of multiple nonpruritic lesions on her forearms and hands; the lesions had appeared suddenly, 2 weeks earlier. More details here...

In this 10 minute video, Dr. Ted Rosen addresses the following questions. A brief synopsis of Dr. Rosen’s comments follows.

Researchers from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that infants exposed to 3 types of mold in their homes were more likely to develop asthma by the time they were aged 7 years. Targeting these specific mold species could lead to more efficient asthma treatment. More >>

Persistent, loud snoring in children aged 2 to 3 years is significantly associated with behavior problems, a new study reports. What factors predict persistent snoring? More >>

At their first dose of quadrivalent vaccine for human papillomavirus (HPV), more than 11% of young women aged 13 to 21 years who had never had sexual intercourse were already infected with 1 or more strains of HPV, a study has found. What is the mechanism of transmission? More >>

A report by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) researchers shows favorable trends in the lipid levels of US children and adolescents from 1988-1994 to 2007-2010. Nonetheless, nearly 1 in 10 children had elevated total cholesterol (TC) in the latest survey. More >>

Children with disabilities are 3 to 4 times more likely to suffer violence than children without disabilities, and children with mental and intellectual disabilities are at greatest risk for sexual abuse, new data show. More >>

Israeli researchers have confirmed the benefits of a cold remedy that Mary Poppins might recommend. They found that honey is a safe and effective treatment for nighttime cough in children older than 1 year. More >>

Psychological or emotional maltreatment is a pattern of caregiver abuse that affects a child’s cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development. Do you know the signs? More >>

Transgendered and LGBTs are bullied and victimized at alarmingly high rates. How, then, to protect children and adolescents from physical harm?

Abdominal pain in children and adolescents may be due to swallowing powerful small magnets sold as toys for adults. The consequences can be deadly. Here's what you can do to detect-and prevent-this kind of injury.

These extremely painful sores recently developed on the lips of a young man being treated for Hodgkin lymphoma. More details here.

Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and oculocutaneous telangiectasias.

Management of first UTI's : Revised AAP guideline To scan or not to scan : Pediatric minor head trauma in your office, clinic or the ED Dermcase : Changing birthmark concerns mother of 4-year-old Puzzler : Unrelenting neck mass in 11-year-old boy When an infant aged 2 to 24 months presents with high fever, and you can't find the source, consider the new AAP guideline inside